Mirrorless vs. DSLR Cameras: Exploring the Key Differences

In the world of digital photography, you’ll often hear people talking about DSLR (digital single-lens reflex) cameras and mirrorless cameras. Both offer remarkable imaging capabilities, yet they’re fundamentally different in terms of their design and shooting experience. Understanding the differences between them can empower you to choose the right tool for your creative vision.

Anatomy of the camera

At the core of a DSLR camera is the optical viewfinder system. Light enters the lens, bounces off a mirror inside the camera body, and reaches the viewfinder. This allows the user to see the scene exactly as the lens does, offering a real-time view. When the shutter button is pressed, the mirror flips up, which allows light to reach the sensor and capture the image.

Mirrorless cameras abandon the mirror and optical viewfinder entirely and substitute an electronic viewfinder (EVF) and/or rear LCD screen for the photographer to use to view their subjects. Light passes directly through the lens to the sensor which then sends information to the viewfinder or display. By removing the mirror system, it allows for a more compact and lightweight design.  In addition to being smaller and lighter, the biggest benefit is that a mirrorless camera can show the user a direct preview of exactly how the photo will look before taking it. This means that you can see how certain settings will affect your image, before you take it. This includes Picture Controls, white balance and exposure (shutter speed/aperture/ISO). Because you’re seeing the result before you make the photograph or capture the video, you can feel more confident with your photography, as it becomes less of trial and error. 

Size and Weight

One of the most noticeable differences between a DSLR and mirrorless camera is the physical size and weight of each. DSLR cameras tend to be heavier and bulkier. This can provide a more comfortable grip and balance with a larger (super-telephoto) lens but can be cumbersome and tiring during extended shoots or travel.

Mirrorless cameras on the other hand are generally more compact, ideal for those users who desire portability. This advantage is much more noticeable when paired with smaller and lighter lenses such as the NIKKOR Z 26mm f/2.8, NIKKOR Z 28mm f/2.8 or NIKKOR Z 40mm f/2.

Autofocus and Speed

Historically, DSLR cameras had the advantage in terms of autofocus due to their sophisticated phase-detection autofocus systems. However, in recent years Nikon’s Z series mirrorless cameras have rapidly closed that gap and now offer incredibly fast and accurate tracking thanks to more intelligent algorithms that are programmed with deep-learning to detect up to 9 different subjects all at the same time*. Furthermore, without the mirror, these cameras can provide continuous shooting with very little to no blackout between shots.

*select models can detect up to 9 subjects. Check your camera’s user’s manual for details about your particular camera.

Battery Life

DSLR cameras continue to have an edge in terms of battery life, as the lack of constant electronic display usage saves battery life when compared to their mirrorless counterparts. However, battery technology and the overall efficiency of mirrorless cameras has improved quite substantially, minimizing the discrepancy between the two types of cameras.

Lens Selection and Adaptability

DSLR cameras benefit from the extensive collection of lenses that have been developed over decades of innovation. Nikon’s vast array of native lenses offers unparalleled versatility and compatibility, covering nearly every focal length.

While mirrorless cameras are a new technology, Nikon has swiftly expanded its selection of native lenses which provide innovative, cutting-edge optics uniquely designed for the Z series camera system. Additionally, with the FTZ II adapter , you’re able to make use of up to 360 DSLR lenses with either full or limited compatibility.

Conclusion

The important thing to note is both DSLR and mirrorless cameras may utilize different technologies, each has its own benefits. Making a decision whether to use one or the other comes down to personal preference as each photographer has their own preferences, workflow, and creative vision. Ultimately, the choice is yours, as both platforms have the capability to empower you to capture the world through your own unique perspective, one frame at a time.

Explore Our Full Range of Nikon Cameras to Find Which Is Right for You!